Incidents involving unruly airline passengers have been rising in recent years. In 2017, airlines reported one altercation for every 1,053 flights, up 35 per cent from the previous year, according to the International Air Transport Association.

Drugs and alcohol play a leading role in many of these incidents. The association says 27 per cent of the cases involved alcohol consumption or some other kind of intoxication. An additional 24 per cent were related to non-compliance with smoking regulations.

“Drink-fuelled air rage is becoming more commonplace,” says Robert Quigley, a senior vice-president for International SOS and MedAire, which provides travel-security services. “Multiple agencies that oversee in-flight regulations are now collaborating with the commercial airlines to review present practices of the selling and the consumption of alcohol in both airport bars as well as inflight.”

It looks like a simple problem: too many airline passengers are getting drunk. But the solution is not so simple. Some passengers say the obvious answer is for airlines to limit sales of alcoholic beverages. But airlines are leaning toward a regulatory fix, perhaps because they’re reluctant to lose the revenue from selling alcohol to passengers.

If you’re on a plane this summer with someone who’s had one too many, you can still protect yourself. But you’ll have to be proactive. (More on that later.)

Airline crews are trained to handle intoxicated passengers. They also have strict policies to prevent inebriated passengers from boarding — but they don’t always work.

Randall Flick, a recently retired airline pilot, recalls one traveller who breezed past a gate agent and boarded Flick’s plane while “heavily” intoxicated. “I told him that he wasn’t getting on his flight. I don’t think he really understood,” Flick says.

The inebriated traveller and the gate agent were both at fault. Flick says the passenger should have had less to drink before boarding and the gate agent should have screened him properly and kept him off the plane.

“The gate agents didn’t always notice when a passenger was intoxicated,” Flick says. “Most of the time, the intoxicated passenger just went to sleep as the cabin altitude rose during the flight. But an intoxicated passenger could endanger the safety of others during an emergency.”

Federal law prohibits flight crews from allowing “obviously intoxicated passengers” to board aircraft, and it doesn’t allow flight attendants to serve alcohol to anyone who appears intoxicated.

Another regulation prohibits passengers from “assaulting or intimidating” crew members and interfering with their duties. Doing so carries a fine of as much as US$35,000 and a prison sentence of as many as 20 years.

For some air travellers, the solution to this problem seems clear. If the government can end smoking on flights, then why not ban drinking? Barring that, why don’t airlines better enforce the rules that prohibit intoxicated passengers from boarding an aircraft and continuing to drink on board?

“Don’t allow people to board a plane if they’re obviously drunk and limit the drinks any passenger can have inflight,” says Barbara Howell, a frequent air traveller and registered nurse from Carpinteria, Calif.

But alcohol isn’t always the problem. Consider what happened this year on a Delta Air Lines flight from Seattle to Los Angeles. A passenger allegedly refused to stay seated and walked toward the cockpit several times. The flight diverted to Portland, Ore., and police arrested the passenger, who told authorities he had been high on methamphetamine before boarding the plane.

The airline industry believes more regulations would help.

The transport association, which represents the worldwide airline industry, has lobbied for stronger international treaties to deter unruly behaviour. It says gaps in the international conventions governing such offences allow many unruly passengers to escape punishment. It wants, at a minimum, for authorities to clarify what constitutes unruly behaviour and to reinforce the right of airlines to seek recovery of the significant costs of dealing with unruly passengers.

“We need more countries, including the U.S., to ratify a new treaty that closes loopholes that enable unruly passengers to elude any legal consequences on international flights,” says Tim Colehan, an assistant director for the association.

Experts believe a few practical steps would also reduce the number of unruly passengers in the air. MedAire’s Quigley says airlines need to develop an industry-wide policy that limits the number of drinks per passenger and to enforce this policy consistently. Gate-screening processes should also be tightened, he says, and should involve airport security personnel, not just airline employees.

“Flight attendants are not trained or expected to act as law-enforcement agents,” Quigley says.

One obvious solution is to stop serving alcohol on board, an idea regularly floated by passengers who have grown tired of the seemingly endless parade of such incidents.

But alcoholic beverages account for more than half of all in-flight sales, so it’s unlikely the airline industry will go there.

As usual, the fix is up to passengers. For your safety and that of your fellow passengers, avoid alcoholic beverages or recreational drugs before and during a flight.

If you’re seated next to someone who is drunk or high, don’t wait for the cabin doors to close. Report the passenger immediately, but discreetly, to a flight attendant. Someone who smells like a distillery shouldn’t be allowed to board.

If the flight crew doesn’t do anything, and there’s no empty seat to move to, ask to take the next flight, time permitting.

Just remember that until we find a workable solution, you don’t have to become another anecdote in an air-rage article.

— Washington Post